Background Hospital-acquired infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) show a concerning growth leading to severe epidemiological and therapeutic problem. During recent years increasing number of MDRO infections have been recorded in our hospital.

Purpose In order to accomplish more effective infection control in our hospital, this research focuses on the frequency and antibiotic-sensitivity of pathogens occurring at the Department of General Surgery. Based on the results, the goal was to create new protocols for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis.

Material and methods Data on infections were available from the National Surveillance System for Nosocomial Infections. The samples taken at the Department of General Surgery were analysed by the Microbiological Laboratory of Debrecen.

Results At the B. A. Z. County Hospital, according to the 2012 annual report, infections of MDRO were reported 46 times (13 cases of ESBL producing Klebsiella sp., 7 of carbapenamaz producing Klebsiella, 5 multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MACI), 14 ESBL producing E. coli, 3 MRSA, 4 ESBL producing Enterobacteriacea) which shows a growth from 2011 when there were only 38 reported cases. At the Department of General Surgery the number of the MRSA and ESBL producing bacterial infections have decreased, although occurrences of other types (e.g. MACI) became more frequent. An obvious spike in the numbers of ESBL infections in 2011 was noted which also made it obvious that it was high time to introduce more effective infection-control and new surgical prophylaxis. For the 2012–2013 April period a bacteria map was created showing that the most frequent multidrug-resistant organism was MRSA. Based on the antibiograms the antiobiotic-sensitivity of the bacteria was defined.

Conclusion Based on the above results new protocols for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis were developed and introduces. The clinical pharmacist had a role in developing the new guidelines and also in supervising the antibiotic therapy and study its effectiveness.

No conflict of interest.