Background and Importance In neonates, frequent changes in dosing intervals and drug dosage can increase the risk of medication discrepancies and adverse drug events. The role of pharmacists is essential to avoid these medication errors in this sensitive population.

Aim and Objectives To analyse the pharmaceutical interventions carried out in hospitalised patients in the Neonatology Unit of a tertiary care hospital and to evaluate their degree of acceptance.

Material and Methods A descriptive prospective study of the pharmaceutical interventions (PI) performed in hospitalised neonates between 1 July and 15 September 2022 was conducted. The following variables were collected from the electronic medical record and prescription program: total number of admitted neonates, number of patients for whom a PI was issued, main pathologies associated with PI, number and type of PI carried out, and degree of acceptance of the recommendations.

Results 166 patients were admitted to the Neonatology Unit. Of the total number of patients, 45 PI were performed on 35 of them (21.1%).

The main pathologies related to PI were: respiratory (51.1%), infectious (26.7%), endocrine (17,8%) and cardiovascular (4.4%).

Of all the interventions carried out (n=45), the pharmacist recommended: dose adjustments (42.9%, n=15), changing the route or rate of administration (24.4%, n=11), pharmacokinetic drug monitoring (vancomycin) (13.3%, n=6), adapting the dose to the pharmaceutical presentation (11.%, n=5), adding another medication to the prescription (6.6% n=3) or suspending a medication (6.6%, n=3), exchanging of a drug for a therapeutic equivalent (2.2%, n=1), and changing a medication to a more effective one (2.2%, n=1).

The degree of acceptance of the interventions by neonatologists was 86.6%.

Conclusion and Relevance Most of the PI were related to dose modifications, changes in the route or rate of administration, as well as the optimisation of antibiotic treatment through pharmacokinetic monitoring. The degree of acceptance of the interventions was very high, which reinforces the integration of the hospital pharmacist in a multidisciplinary team.

Conflict of Interest No conflict of interest.