Background and Importance Neuropsychiatric disorders are associated with significant reduction in life expectancy and increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Olanzapine, can exacerbate the development of metabolic síndrome (MS), especially at the beggining of treatment

Aim and Objectives Main objetives are to analyse the metabolic monitoring of patients receiving oral olanzapine treatment, to study the association between olanzapine use and the development of metabolic alterations (MA) and to investigate the prescription of specific treatments for MS in patients who develop it

Material and Methods This was an observational, descriptive, and retrospective study that included adult patients admitted to the psychiatric hospital unit and prescribed oral olanzapine between January 2023 and April 2023.

The collected variables included sex, age, risk factors (smoking and substance use) and Body Mass Index (BMI).

It was recorded whether there was an initial blood test and a follow-up test conducted between two and twelve months after the start of treatment, along with the time elapsed until the follow-up test. The following parameters were collected: cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and blood glucose.

For patients developing MA, the study examined the prescription of hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering medications.

Results 42 patients were included, 57% women and Mean age (±SD) was 40±15.5 years. Risk factors included substance use in 19.05% of patients and tobacco use in 16.6%. The mean BMI was 24.5±5 kg/m².

Only 45% of patients underwent an initial blood test. None of them had hyperglycemia, but 31.6% had lipid abnormalities (LA), with hypertriglyceridemia in 50% of cases followed by high cholesterol and elevated LDL.

Within the first few months of treatment (4.5 ± 2.5), 54.8% had follow-up blood tests. None of these patients had hyperglycemia, but 52.17% showed LA, increased TG in 50% and decreased HDL in 41.6%.

Only one of these received lipid-lowering medication.

Conclusion and Relevance A substantial percentage of patients were not monitored for the potential development of MS associated with olanzapine use. There was an observed increase in LA, possibly linked to it. Importantly, lipid-lowering medication use was limited when LA were present.

The study highlights the need to raise awareness among healthcare professionals about the importance of monitoring MS in these patients.

Conflict of Interest No conflict of interest.