Background and Importance Erenumab and galcanezumab are monoclonal antibodies that act at the level of the calcitonin gene-related peptide, elevated in patients with migraine.

Aim and Objectives To establish the effectiveness of erenumab and galcanezumab in the treatment of migraine.

Material and Methods Observational, single-centre, retrospective study. All adult patients who initiated treatment between February 2020 to March 2023 were included.

Demographic data were collected (age and sex), drug discontinuation and its reason (primary, secondary failure or adverse effects [AE]) and duration of treatment.

According to our centre’s protocol, these treatments are intended to be withdrawn after one year, as they are prophylactic treatments, not continuation treatments. Thus, the main endpoint to determine the drug’s effectiveness was the response at 1 year of treatment and the evolution after withdrawal (resumption of treatment vs no treatment).

Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s Chi-square test (SPSS v. 26.0).

Results We included 273 patients (59% erenumab, 41% galcanezumab), of whom 82% were women. Median age: 52 years [19 – 83].

With erenumab, 9% of patients achieved complete response at 1 year and were able to withdraw treatment. However, 21% of patients had a partial response, 11% were secondary failures and 10% continued without withdrawing the drug. 43% discontinued; after primary failure (37%) or AE (6%), mainly constipation.

With galcanezumab, 10% of the patients achieved a complete response at one year and were able to withdraw the drug. Nevertheless, 22% of patients had a partial response, 3% were secondary failures and 19% were still unable to withdraw the drug. 34% discontinued; after primary failure (29%) or AE (5%), mainly constipation.

At the end of the study, 27% of patients treated with erenumab did not complete 1 year of treatment due to lack of time, and the same was true for 34% of patients with galcanezumab.

Patients who reached the primary endpoint were still without any treatment after a mean of 4 months.

Conclusion and Relevance Results obtained do not demonstrate a high effectiveness after one year of treatment with these drugs or differences between erenumab and galcanezumab, so more studies are necessary to continue evaluating effectiveness.

Conflict of Interest No conflict of interest.