PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Smolders, Elise Joelle
AU  - Benoist, Guillemette Emma
AU  - Smit, Chloe Corrie Hans
AU  - ter Horst, Peter
TI  - An update on extravasation: basic knowledge for clinical pharmacists
AID  - 10.1136/ejhpharm-2019-002152
DP  - 2021 May 01
TA  - European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
PG  - 165--167
VI  - 28
IP  - 3
4099  - http://ejhp.bmj.com/content/28/3/165.short
4100  - http://ejhp.bmj.com/content/28/3/165.full
SO  - Eur J Hosp Pharm2021 May 01; 28
AB  - Extravasation is the leakage of intravenously administered solution into surrounding tissues, which can cause serious damage to the patient. The impact of extravasation is mostly determined by the localisation and volume of extravasation, but the physicochemical properties of the drugs are also important. In this paper a stepwise approach to managing an extravasation is described, with recommendations on the role of the pharmacist. Information on osmolality, pH, pKa and the buffering capacity of drugs is given in relation to extravasation, which is summarised in a practical crash card that can be used in clinical practice.