Table 2

Surface contaminations by cytarabine, gemcitabine, ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide detected in the 24 hospital pharmacies in ng/sample (corresponding approximately to 10 pg/cm2)

Samples collectedLocationCytarabineGemcitabineIfosfamideCyclophosphamide
50th percentile75th percentile90th percentile50th percentile75th percentile90th percentile50th percentile75th percentile90th percentile50th percentile75th percentile90th percentile
Biosafety cabinets
 Common samplesBench surface, left0.010.382.270.130.509.810.130.130.610.130.502.92
Bench surface, middle0.010.595.560.130.919.400.130.132.430.130.1310.46
Bench surface, right0.010.215.290.130.131.400.130.130.130.130.134.43
CATO keyboard0.010.425.350.130.852.630.130.131.830.134.8315.44
CATO scale0.011.9014.380.131.125.490.130.135.280.130.9416.44
Inner hatch handle, class III biosafety cabinet0.012.009.090.131.245.810.130.131.620.130.138.07
Left glove, class III biosafety cabinet0.161.1527.070.321.833.550.133.9815.690.132.0612.73
 Other samples0.013.0044.560.130.130.890.130.134.400.130.130.97
Mean of percentile from all biological safety cabinets (BSC) locations0.031.2114.200.150.844.870.130.614.000.131.118.93
Median of percentile from all BSC locations0.010.877.330.130.884.520.130.132.130.130.329.27
Background environment
 Common samplesFloor in front of biosafety cabinet0.010.692.240.130.134.590.130.130.130.131.317.68
Area for storage of opened vials0.010.624.090.130.504.480.130.134.450.130.130.13
Packing zone0.010.354.810.130.132.580.130.134.830.132.7710.24
Material hatch handle0.010.010.690.130.131.180.130.130.130.130.130.13
Material hatch surface0.010.012.340.130.131.130.130.131.920.130.635.56
 Other samples0.010.010.720.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.137.72
Mean of percentile from all background environment locations0.010.282.480.130.192.350.130.131.930.130.855.20
Median of percentile from all background environment locations0.010.182.290.130.131.880.130.131.030.130.386.62
Logistic rooms
 Common samplesMaterial hatch handle0.010.010.010.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.13
Computer mouse0.010.220.840.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.13
Phone0.010.010.590.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.13
Desk surface0.010.010.010.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.13
Refrigerator handle0.010.010.480.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.13
Area for storage of opened vials0.010.013.280.130.130.820.130.130.130.130.136.33
Packing zone0.010.161.230.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.13
 Other samples0.010.010.010.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.36
Mean of percentile from all logistic rooms locations0.010.060.810.130.130.220.130.130.130.130.130.93
Median of percentile from all logistic rooms locations0.010.010.540.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.130.13