Table 4

Group comparisons for treatment beliefs and medication adherence from Study 2

Study outcome	Group	Baseline		Pre-discharge		6-week follow-up		12-week follow-up		Group × time		Group		Time
Study outcome		M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	F	P value	F	P value	F	P value
BMQ-S necessity	Control	20.56	2.45	21.44	2.76	19.75	2.67	20.25	3.89	0.70	0.558	1.87	0.182	3.68	0.024*
BMQ-S necessity	Treatment	21.20	3.40	22.38	2.75	21.83	3.10	21.69	3.55
BMQ-S concerns	Control	14.50	4.75	13.94	4.74	13.81	4.18	13.00	4.77	3.30	0.035*	0.35	0.560	8.06	0.001*
BMQ-S concerns	Treatment	15.33	3.87	12.35	3.41	12.60	3.91	11.72	3.91
BMQ-S nec-con diff	Control	6.06	4.99	7.50	4.63	5.94	5.84	7.25	5.72	3.62	0.026*	1.32	0.260	13.65	0.001*
BMQ-S nec-con diff	Treatment	5.62	4.96	9.85	3.89	9.28	4.61	9.75	6.40
Necessity 1-item	Control	8.93	1.03	9.33	1.18	8.93	1.22	8.67	1.50	0.96	0.425	1.50	0.230	2.01	0.136
Necessity 1-item	Treatment	9.24	1.68	9.47	0.87	9.53	0.87	9.41	1.28
Concerns 1-item	Control	4.67	3.81	4.80	3.28	3.93	3.67	3.67	3.60	0.48	0.700	0.01	0.926	0.51	0.675
Concerns 1-item	Treatment	4.94	3.94	3.63	3.93	4.31	3.65	3.81	3.80
Self-efficacy 1-item	Control	8.67	1.88	9.33	0.98	9.13	0.83	9.40	0.74	1.39	0.267	0.92	0.344	2.70	0.065
Self-efficacy 1-item	Treatment	7.88	2.42	8.53	2.15	9.53	0.87	9.12	1.50
Timeline 1-item	Control	9.50	1.61	9.57	1.16	8.86	1.99	9.57	0.85	3.04	0.046*	0.15	0.703	0.37	0.776
Timeline 1-item	Treatment	8.76	2.19	9.06	1.78	9.59	0.80	9.47	1.33
MARS-5 total	Control	–	–	–	–	24.38	1.16	24.67	0.66	2.72	0.108	0.08	0.775	0.00	0.982
MARS-5 total	Treatment	–	–	–	–	24.72	0.46	24.44	0.86
MARS-5 - UNA	Control	–	–	–	–	4.52	0.68	4.71	0.64	2.59	0.116	0.06	0.807	0.02	0.881
MARS-5 - UNA	Treatment	–	–	–	–	4.74	0.45	4.58	0.61
MARS-5 - INA	Control	–	–	–	–	19.86	0.65	19.95	0.22	1.12	0.296	0.17	0.679	0.01	0.935
MARS-5 - INA	Treatment	–	–	–	–	20.00	0.00	19.89	0.47

BMQ-S, beliefs about medicines questionnaire-specific; Concerns 1-item, single-item measuring concerns; INA, intentional non-adherence; MARS, medication adherence report scale; nec-con diff, necessity-concerns differential; Necessity 1-item, single-item measuring necessity; Self-efficacy 1-item, single item measuring medicines-related self-efficacy; Timeline 1-item, single-item measuring perceived illness duration; UNA, unintentional non-adherence.