Summary of the articles about the use of simulations in hospital pharmaceutical technologies initial education
| Article information* | Article profile | Outcome | Results before and after simulation | Other key information |
|
Serag-Bolos et al
27
Am J Pharm Educ (2018; USA) Evaluating the impact of an oncology simulation on students’ knowledge about oncology pharmacy practice and evaluating how it affects their perceptions of an oncology pharmacist’s role | Participants: 109 students Participation: Mandatory (group of 5–6) but voluntary pre- and post-simulation assessments (alone) Room: Training room Equipment: Horizontal hood Topic: As. Tech | Knowledge on ovarian cancer | Before: 86% After: 99% (p=0.0016) | Students generally enjoyed the oncology simulation and appreciated the opportunity to practise key concepts learnt in their curriculum Kirkpatrick level: 1, 2 |
| Hypersensitivity reactions | Before: 72% After: 92% (p=0.0002) | |||
| Side effects | Before: 80% After: 87% (p=0.11) | |||
| Jewellery in cleanroom | Before: 92% After: 97% (p=0.17) | |||
| Handwashing | Before: 57% After: 92% (p<0.0001) | Planning: 40 hours Expert group: 4 pharmacy practice faculty members (including a board-certified oncology pharmacist) | ||
| Aseptic preparation | Before: 50% After: 61% (p=0.15) | |||
| Understanding the role of an oncology pharmacist | Before: 3.8 (0.9) After: 4.5 (0.8) (p<0.001) | |||
| Perception of the ability to prepare orders | Before: 3.2 (1.2) After: 4.2 (0.8) (p<0.001) | Budget: cost-saving strategies and departmental funds | ||
|
Patel et al
31
Am J Pharm Educ (2011; USA) Cultivating student confidence in preparing IV medications and emphasising safe medication practices | Participants: 150 students Participation: NM Room: Virtual Equipment: NM Topic: As. Tech | Written examination | Before: 89.6±7.3% After: Year 1: 91.2±7.5% (p>0.05) Year 2: 96.1±4.4% (p<0.001) | 88%: Laboratory met their expectations Expert group: NM Kirkpatrick level: 1, 2 |
|
Salman et al
46
Pharmacy (2020; USA) Demonstrating the value of simulation-based activity in PN education, as perceived by the students | Participants: 84 students Participation: Mandatory Room: Classroom Equipment: PN equipment Topic: As. Tech | Sterile compounding and aseptic technique procedures involved in the preparation of PN | −5.48 (p<0.0001) | Comments were generally positive Cost: US$11.50 per student Kirkpatrick level: 1, 2 |
| Process in which different components are combined together | −6.19 (p<0.0001) | |||
| Role of the pharmacy personnel in the preparation of PN | −5.29 (p<0.0001) | |||
| Comfortable performing the calculations of the individual components of PN | −5.36 (p<0.0001) | |||
| An elective in PN would be a beneficial course to have in the College of Pharmacy curriculum | −3.43 (p<0.0001) |
*Article information: author, journal, year, country, type of education (continuing education or initial education), study’s objective
As. Tech, aseptic technique; IV, intravenous; NA, not applicable; NE, not evaluated; NM, not mentioned; NS, non-significant; PN, parenteral nutrition.