Background Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is one of the major challenges for hospitals worldwide. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram negative bacilli (GNB) which changed its sensitivity to different antibiotic classes remarkably in the past decades.

Purpose Our aim was to study the evolution of the consumption of three classes of antibiotics which are most prescribed in the treatment of infections with K pneumoniae: penicillins (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid), cephalosporins (ceftriaxone and ceftazimide) and quinolones (ciprofloxacin). In addition, we aimed to investigate the evolution of resistance to K pneumoniae of these three classes.

Material and methods We studied consumption of the three antibiotics classes over time using daily defined dose (DDD) per 1000 hospitalisation days (HD) between 2006 and 2015. Also, we followed K pneumoniae resistance to these three classes between 2009 and 2015 using the WHONET 5.3 (percentage of number of resistant strains with respect to all strains collected).

Results 1549 K pneumoniae strains were collected (25% of GNB). Consumption of the three antibiotic classes and K pneumoniae resistance to these molecules are described in the table.

Conclusion Resistance to K pneumoniae of the three antibiotic classes has increased over the years. One of the limits of our work that we did not study resistance to carbapenems. The increasing resistance of K pneumoniae to these classes has pushed consumption towards other classes, such as carbapenems (8 to 22 DDD/1000 HD between 2006 and 2015) and polymyxins. In 2015, the percentage resistance decreased as a result of the overall decrease in hospital acquired strains of K pneumoniae and implementation of a programme to control the manual transmission of bacterial strains in hospitals.

References and/or acknowledgements Acknowledgements to microbiology team.

No conflict of interest